所有你需要了解土壤类型

Every gardener wants to grow the best-tasting tomatoes, the brightest zinnias, and the healthiest shrubs, but no one type of soil will保证成功for each of those types of plants. Soil type—which is a classification determined by texture and relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay—will define the dirt’s ability to retain nutrients and moisture and therefore what it’s suitable to grow. Sure, you can always guess at the properties of your soil, but in order to aid your soil in producing itsbest作物，将土壤样本送到当地的扩展机构并进行测试。为了最少的费用，您可以找到土壤类型（或类型，因为有不同程度），其pH级别以及如何改进。阅读最常见的土壤类型，如何影响您的环境美化项目，以及如何使用正确的产品更好地更好。

Understanding and Adjusting Soil pH

Your soil’spH valueis a measurement of its acid-forming capacity. The pH scale numbers from 1.0 to 14.0. Values below 7.0 indicate soil in the acidic range, and the lower the number, the greater the soil’s acid-forming ability. Values higher than 7.0 are in the alkaline range, and the higher the number, the greater the soil’s alkalinity. Soil pH that falls within the slightly acidic range, between 6.0 and 7.0, is considered optimal formostplants and flowers. Amend soils that are too acidic with the application of products that contain lime or wood ash. To reduce alkalinity, apply a product that contains aluminum sulfate, urea, or elemental sulfur.

Soil Type: Clay

BEST FOR: Woody, moisture-loving perennials

粘土土颗粒是如此微小的是，它们紧紧地包装在一起，锁定水分和营养，但限制氧气和排水。直到粘土土壤只有当它的骨干时才晾干，以防止产生摇滚硬的泥土。通过添加厚度，三到四英寸修改粘土土覆盖层（干燥的叶子或袋装木屑）在秋天，然后让它保持在土壤顶部所有冬天长，等待春天到它。在种植之前将额外的有机物质在春天的土壤中加入土壤中以减少压实和促进引流。

Most types of soil, including clay, which tends to be slightly alkaline, will benefit from the addition of organic matter. Organic matter is often vegetal, meaning it comes from plants or trees, and includes substances such as dried leaves, straw, wood chips, and even cardboard; animal-related organic matter—manure from cows, goats, chickens, and llamas—contains a wide variety of micro- and macronutrients for soil-amending wherever you are growing (or plan to grow) plants. Fresh manure can burn any existing tender plants and kill seedlings, so aim to apply a layer of fresh manure in late fall and allow it to winter over before tilling it under in spring for the best results.

Woody perennials, such as wisteria, tend to do well in non-amended clay soil. Because clay is high in nutrients, with frequent amending to increase drainage and airflow, you can even expand its growing ability to accommodate各种蔬菜, shrubs, and flowering plants.

Soil Type: Sandy

BEST FOR: Drought-tolerant plants

由地面岩石颗粒制成，桑迪土壤既不具有水分量，也不保留种植许多类型蔬菜和开花植物所需的重要营养素。随着沙质土壤的房主应在每春天混合有机物质，跌倒以扩大其不断增长的能力。添加的有机物是像海绵一样吸入水分并保留它，使其可用于植物根部较长的时间。

Depending on the type of rock particles and other matter your soil contains, its pH level could be in the acidic or slightly alkaline range. If your soil is sandy and you don’t intend to amend it,limit your garden landscape即使在浇水之间干燥时，也茁壮成长。加州罂粟花，绉麦格尔，克里姆摩尔，宪政，蓍草，宇宙都在常规浇水的沙地上做得很好。

土壤类型：粉质

BEST FOR: Moisture-loving plants
如果你住在曾经是河床的一个地区，机会很好，你有粉质土壤。比砂土更肥沃，淤泥颗粒非常精细，柔软，使这种土壤型成为生长郁郁葱葱的葡萄葡萄和花在潮湿的土壤中茁壮成长的最佳选择。其pH水平可从微酸性到略微碱性的含量变化。贫瘠土壤的缺点是它对紧凑的趋势，减少了排水并限制氧气到达植物根部。为了减少压实问题，加入几英寸的堆肥或堆肥粪便，然后在春天种植之前将其融入前六英寸的土壤中。在生长季节期间在植物周围施加额外的堆肥，并在秋天的秋天将一层干燥的叶子或其他覆盖物涂抹在土壤床上，将其留在冬天。

The best plants for non-amended silty soil are those that tolerate “wet feet” (i.e., a mostly damp root system), including all types of willow trees, dogwood trees, many iris varieties, peonies, roses, and many types of vines. With just a little amending to improve drainage, silty soil is excellent for vegetable gardening.

Soil Type: Loamy

BEST FOR: All plant types

在园丁的心中，如果有任何接近完美的土壤类型，它是壤土。壤土是粘土，沙子和淤泥的平衡混合。它洒了好and它的营养素很高。房主拥有自然泥土土壤可以几乎种植任何类型的植物。根据pH水平，如果您打算种植酸性植物，如蓝莓，或碱性爱的植物，如紫藤，可能需要添加酸或碱性肥料。光施加，大约一英寸厚，干燥的叶子或覆盖物通常都是需要保持壤土的健康所需的。将叶子或覆盖物涂在秋天的顶部，让它自然地分解在冬天。直到种植前的春天。

Vegetables, annual and perennial flowers, and most types of shrubs thrive in loamy soil.

土壤类型：Chalky

最适合：碱性爱植物

白垩土壤pH值平均为7.5scale, making them best suited for bulbs, tubers, and flowering shrubs that thrive in alkaline soil. Chalky soil, which is commonly found in areas with heavy limestone formations, dries out rapidly in hot weather, making frequent watering a must. If you want to grow a wider variety of plants, you’ll have to amend the soil by adding organic matter, such as composted manure or peat, and tilling it into the top eight inches of soil. When wet, chalky soil clumps, making it difficult to work with, so wait until it’s dry to work in organic matter.

耐药植物，如百合花和丁香，可以茁壮成长粉状土壤，但即使发生修补，难以生长酸性植物，如蓝莓，杜鹃花，杜鹃花或荒野。