解决了！The Best Time to Spray Fruit Trees

Q: There are several fruit trees and vines in my garden that I would love to pick fruit from. Unfortunately, the fruit doesn’t grow very well and the leaves look bad. I probably need to spray but don’t know much about it. Can you tell me when to spray fruit trees?

A：照顾fruit treesis a year-round job that includes pruning, fertilizing, removing diseased fruit, and spraying multiple applications at different times of the year. Timing is critical for each of these tasks. Pruning takes place in midwinter and late summer to stimulate vegetative growth and increase fruit production. Growers should fertilize trees during their growing season because it is during active growth that they absorb and use the nutrients.

要知道何时喷洒果树，首先需要知道树木以及威胁活动时的威胁。昆虫鸡蛋可以在睡眠中沉没苹果树冬天，只能在春天孵化并喂食叶子。或特定的真菌孢子可能只在花朵开放时感染桃树。了解各种果树的威胁的时机和类型有助于您喷洒最大的保护和最小的浪费。

休眠喷雾, insecticide, fungicide, or general-purpose spray? Know what to spray and when to spray it.

喷雾应用是定时的控制疾病和害虫。时序与植物和水果发育一致。气候和天气在果树增长和发展的时机中发挥着巨大作用。观看的生长阶段包括休眠，预先，开花，花瓣秋季和果实形成。每个阶段具有特定，可观察的特征。

休眠是芽在春天开始膨胀的时间。预溶剂阶段包括在花朵开放之前在树芽上观察到的五个不同的生长阶段：银芽，绿色尖端，半英寸绿色，紧密的簇（花蕾），以及粉红色（但尚未开放）的花蕾。开花是第一朵花在最后一朵花瓣滴的时间开始的阶段。在第一个微小的水果开始发展之前，花瓣秋天是开花之后的时间。果实形成是最后的阶段，持续直到收获。

避免spraying while flowers are open, since insecticides sprayed at that time kill bees and other pollinators. Read and follow all safety precautions to minimize personal exposure to pesticides. Always follow pesticide mixing instructions. Increasing the concentration of the chemical in the spray solution does not kill insects faster. In fact, doing so kills more nontarget species and increases the likelihood of runoff contaminating local streams and groundwater.

• 休眠喷雾或休眠油是指园艺油的应用的时间。喷洒在休眠果树上时，园艺油杀死了树皮上的越冬昆虫，肉眼，螨虫，蚜虫等害虫。根据制造商，园艺油具有矿物（石油）或植物基础。每年一个申请或更少，是典型的。
• Insecticidal sprays杀死虫害的害虫，特别是那些在树叶上喂养的害虫，进入树干或破坏果实。大多数水果作物通过不断增长的季节需要多种应用，以防止不同的错误。避免喷涂杀虫剂虽然鲜花出现，因为这些产品也杀死了粉碎机。
• 杀菌喷雾控制果树真菌和细菌疾病的蔓延。您可能需要在整个生长季节多次杀菌剂以防止不同疾病。虽然杀菌剂没有评级对昆虫的控制，但许多这些产品可能会损坏或杀伤粉碎机，因此避免在花朵开放时喷洒杀菌剂。
• General-purpose sprayscontrol most insect and disease pests of fruit trees. Simply spray a single product at defined intervals throughout the growing season. There is no need for specialized knowledge of plant diseases or insect life cycles. On the downside, using only general-purpose fruit tree spray increases unnecessary pesticide exposure. There are times when only a fungicide or an insecticide is required, but this product contains both. Further, general-purpose sprays might not control some problematic insects and diseases.
• Foliar fertilizer sprays微量营养素如锌，铜，镁，钼，硼和钙，可以帮助果实发育，这些营养素由于土壤碱度而缺乏或不可用。这些元素与水混合，用于直接涂覆到叶子上，吸收营养物质并有效地将它们移动到发展水果。严格遵循标签说明以避免损坏树木。应施加到根区的主要营养素如氮，磷和钙。

在生长季节期间使用通用果树喷雾以防止昆虫和疾病。

General-purpose fruit tree sprays conveniently cut spray application time in half. A powerful mix of broad-spectrum insecticide and fungicide is the key. Active ingredients might include organic products like pyrethrins and neem oil, or inorganic chemicals like malathion, carbaryl, and captan.

在关键植物开发观测后，将通用果树喷雾一度为两周的间隔。第一个申请处于绿色尖端，其次是预绽放，全粉红色，花瓣秋季，第一个封面（花瓣落后一周）和第二封面（花瓣落后两周）。树木可能需要额外的治疗方法。咨询产品标签以获取详细的方向，因为一些化学品可以达到收获日的果树，但其他化学物质可以表明“在收获的__天内不要喷洒。”每种产品都有所不同。

早期果实发展施肥。

If your fruit trees show缺乏症状in zinc, copper, magnesium, molybdenum, boron, or calcium, a叶面申请其中一个或多个微量营养素可能有所帮助。微粉体喷雾微量营养素有助于果实发育，在土壤中缺乏某些微量营养素或由于土壤碱度不可用。在花瓣下降阶段的凉爽，阴暗的一天涂抹微量营养素的叶面喷雾。与这种方法保持谨慎或过度适用这些营养素会损害果树。

Foliar fertilizer cannot replace proper soil fertility. The major nutrients that trees need cannot be absorbed in sufficient quantities through foliage, and fertilizer applied to foliage does not travel throughout the body of the plant.

施肥果树的最佳时间是早春。在叶芽打开时涂抹在根区域的颗粒肥料。这是树准备积极成长的信号。春天的第一次絮凝增长来自储存在根中的能量。当肥料渗透到根区的肥料中，树准备占用营养成分以获得最佳生长和结果。

春季后避免施肥。水果发育过程中土壤营养素的尖峰可以使树木中止水果以产生更多的植物生长。

Use dormant sprays in late winter to kill overwintering insect pests on fruit trees.

如果在以前的生长季节期间存在耐害虫压力，则在冬季或早春涂抹休眠油。这种治疗通常每三到五年。除非害虫群体飙升，否则每年都没有必要喷洒休眠。

之前你必须完成休眠喷洒味蕾乞讨in to swell. Air temperature is critical during application to ensure complete coverage and avoid damaging the trees. The temperature must be above 40 degrees Fahrenheit during application. While spraying, be sure to fully coat all surfaces of the tree, paying close attention to undersides of branches and branch crotches.

Use fungicidal sprays during the growing season to protect fruit trees against diseases.

有针对性的，独立的杀菌剂治疗在适当的时间施用时显着提高果实质量。水果疾病孢子在环境条件理想时感染他们的宿主。一些真菌孢子在凉爽，潮湿的春天天气中激活。其他疾病在热，潮湿的夏季条件下蔓延。重要的是预期植物疾病，并在到达之前开始对待它们。

基于威胁它的疾病，每种果树都有自己理想的杀菌剂喷雾时间表。杀菌剂应用在绿色尖端通过苹果和梨树的花瓣秋季阶段最关键。桃树和梅树需要春天，夏天和秋季疾病控制治疗，以获得最佳效果。查找产品标签上预防特定疾病的应用程序时机。

在生长季节使用杀虫喷雾以保护果树对抗昆虫。

Apply insecticidal sprays at 2-week intervals from green tip until bloom, and from petal drop until harvest for general insect control. It is possible for insects to build up tolerance to even最好的杀虫剂if it is used repeatedly. The solution is to alternate applying insecticides with different active ingredients. If you primarily use a general-purpose spray to kill insects and diseases, alternate the scheduled treatments using a different kind of insecticide to eliminate the risk of pests building up tolerance to either chemical. Read the active ingredients on the label to be sure.

Use combination sprays during the growing season to target both insects and diseases.

Combination sprays are two different pesticides sold individually, normally an insecticide and a fungicide, mixed into the same sprayer and applied at the same time. Like mixing your own general-purpose fruit tree spray, this practice is a way to customize an application and save time. Combination spraying is a way to do an all-in-one spray with a single application if your normal procedure is to alternate pesticides.

并非所有产品都兼容，有些混合物可能是危险的。在混合之前读取产品标签，以确保混合两者是安全和允许的。